We know that electrical power has two components-Real power(W) and Reactive power (VAR) .Reactive power compensation improves system voltage levels, enhances grid stability margins, reduces line losses and results in economic benefits. Reactive power is defined as the amount of power that remains unused and gets generated within an AC circuit or system by the … Read more
What are HVDC Lines? HVDC stands for High Voltage Direct Current. Unlike the traditional Alternating Current (AC) systems, HVDC uses direct current to transmit electricity over long distances. This technology, although not new, has seen significant advancements and wider adoption in recent years. Brief History The concept of HVDC dates back to the early 20th … Read more
Auto-reclosing As the name suggests Auto re-closing is a scheme/mechanism where a particular breaker pole (phase) Automatically re-closes after tripping on transient (temporary) fault in a transmission line. Normally in 132kv or below voltage transmission lines ,when a fault occurs in the line ,all its poles (phases) are tripped which results in power interruption, however … Read more
Harmonics Harmonics in Power system or any other system are a series of sinusoidal waveforms that are integer multiples of a fundamental frequency. Harmonics are defined as an unwanted higher frequency component which create distortion in the fundamental waveform. Harmonics typically have a lower amplitude than the fundamental frequency. Fundamental Frequency: This is the lowest … Read more
What is Inrush current? Inrush current is the instantaneous high input current drawn by an electrical equipment when it is turned-on. This arises due to the high initial currents required to charge the capacitors and inductor or transformers in the equipment. This current is also known as the switch–on surge, or the input surge current. … Read more
(Fig1-XLPE cable) Cable Sizing There are a various cables available in the market in various sizes. But, to decide which size will be appropriate for our application and requirement , we may require an Electrical Cable Size Calculator,selecting cable size as per our unique requirement is also called cable sizing. This helps us understand the best … Read more
Why do we need Trip circuit Supervision relay? A trip circuit supervision relay as the name indicates , its function is of supervisory nature. A trip circuit supervision relay monitors healthiness of tripping circuit and indicate whether the circuit is healthy or unhealthy so that preventive action can be taken accordingly. All faults are detected … Read more
Transformer is a static device which works on principle of electromagnetic induction. Transformer faults can be broadly classified as external and internal faults. External transformer faults External transformer faults in the transformer are usually transient (not occurring for long time) in nature and they are easily detected and rectified accordingly. Faults occurring outside the transformer, … Read more
Air insulated substations(AIS) and Gas Insulated substations(GIS) Broadly there are two types of substations : Air insulated substations(AIS) and Gas Insulated substations(GIS). In AIS all electrical equipment like CT, circuit breaker, Isolators etc are installed in the open air in the switchyard, however in GIS these electrical equipment are installed within closed chambers which is … Read more